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Step-by-Step Guide: How to Help Someone During a Seizure

Introduction

Seizures can happen suddenly and may be scary to witness. A seizure is a sudden burst of electrical activity in the brain. This can cause changes in movement, behavior, or awareness. Knowing what to do if someone has a seizure can help keep them safe. Quick and calm action is important. Seizure first aid can make a big difference until medical help arrives. According to the CDC, most seizures last only a few minutes and do not cause lasting harm. However, knowing how to respond is key.

Recognizing a Seizure

It helps to know the signs of a seizure. Not all seizures look the same. Some are mild, while others are more obvious. Here are common signs:

  • Sudden loss of awareness or staring blankly
  • Jerking movements of the arms and legs
  • Stiffening of the body
  • Falling to the ground
  • Unusual sounds or grunting
  • Chewing or lip-smacking
  • Confusion after the event
  • Loss of bladder or bowel control

    • Sometimes, a person may feel strange before a seizure. This feeling is called an aura. It can be a warning sign.

    Step-by-Step Guide: What to Do During a Seizure

    If you see someone having a seizure, stay calm. Follow these steps for seizure first aid:

  • Stay with the person. Do not leave them alone.
  • Time the seizure. Use a watch or phone to track how long it lasts.
  • Move objects away. Clear the area of sharp or hard items.
  • Protect the head. Place something soft, like a folded jacket, under their head.
  • Turn them on their side. If possible, gently roll the person onto their side. This helps keep the airway clear.
  • Loosen tight clothing. Loosen ties, collars, or anything around the neck.
  • Do not hold them down. Let the seizure run its course.
  • Stay calm and reassure others. Let people nearby know help is being given.

    • Helping someone during a seizure can prevent injuries. Always follow these steps for a safe response.

    What NOT to Do

    Some actions can make things worse. Here is what you should avoid:

  • Do not put anything in the person’s mouth. They cannot swallow their tongue.
  • Do not try to give food, water, or medicine during the seizure.
  • Do not hold the person down or try to stop their movements.
  • Do not try mouth-to-mouth breathing unless the person is not breathing after the seizure ends.

    • Following these tips keeps everyone safer.

    When to Call for Emergency Help

    Most seizures stop on their own. However, sometimes you need to call for help. Dial your local emergency number (such as 911 in the US or 112 in Europe/India) if:

  • The seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes
  • Another seizure starts soon after the first
  • The person has trouble breathing or does not wake up
  • The person is injured, pregnant, or has diabetes
  • This is their first seizure
  • The seizure happened in water

    • Quick action can save a life. Always seek help if you are unsure.

    Aftercare: What to Do Once the Seizure Ends

    Once the seizure stops, the person may feel tired or confused. Here is how you can help:

  • Gently turn them onto their side if not already done
  • Check for breathing and injuries
  • Stay with them until they are fully alert
  • Offer comfort and explain what happened
  • Let them rest in a safe place

    • Most people recover within a few minutes. However, if they do not return to normal, call for medical help.

    Prevention & Safety Tips

    While not all seizures can be prevented, you can help reduce risks. Here are some practical tips for seizure safety:

  • Help the person take their medicine as prescribed
  • Encourage regular doctor visits
  • Make the home safe by padding sharp corners
  • Supervise swimming or bathing
  • Use medical alert jewelry
  • Teach family and friends seizure first aid

    • With these steps, you can help keep loved ones safer every day.

    Conclusion

    Knowing what to do if someone has a seizure can save lives. Stay calm, follow the step-by-step seizure response, and avoid harmful actions. If you witness a seizure or have concerns, consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice.